What is Salvation?

Many years ago I when I was studying the history of religions I was taught to ask about the various religions of “salvation” that so thickly filled the Hellenistic-Roman world (400 BCE-300 CE) to pose the following probing questions of any text or system of religious thinking about humanity and…

Standing in the Shadow of Schweitzer

In my 2006 New York Times bestselling book, The Jesus Dynasty, which was subsequently translated into twenty-six languages, I included the following dedication: Ad Memoriam Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) Missionary, philosopher, historian extraordinaire. In whose shadow we all stand. My book appeared on the 100th anniversary of the publication of Schweitzer’s most influential 1906…

Who Is a Jew?

Anyone who works on the apostle Paul comes up against this question almost immediately–namely “Who Is a Jew”? After all, in different contexts Paul affirms that “in Christ” there is “neither Jew nor Gentile” while also affirming that “He is a real Jew who is one inwardly, whose circumcision is…

Hugh Schonfield, a Forgotten Ossuary, and the Origin of the Jesus Son of Pantera Traditions

I am sure many of my older readers will remember Hugh J. Schonfield’s , 1965 blockbuster international best seller, The Passover Plot, now re-released in a special 40th anniversary edition. Schonfield was somewhat of a “maverick” independent scholar, well trained but never pursing an academic university career, but publishing dozens of…

Messiahs in the Time of Jesus

Josephus mentions a dozen or more “messiah” figures beginning with Hezekiah/Ezekias c. 45 BCE whom the young Herod defeated whom he variously labels as “brigands” (ληστής) or “imposters” (γόης)—though he calls Judas the Galilean a “wise man” (σοφιστής) and credits him with the founding a the “fourth philosophy” (Jewish Antiquities18.23).…